Review Literature:" Comprehensive Relationship of Macronutrient Intake and Physical Activity to Body Mass Index (BMI) in Adolescents: An Integrated Review of Various Contexts and Consumption Patterns
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59890/mjst.v2i11.90Keywords:
Macronutrient Intake, Physical Activity, Body Mass Index (BMI), Adolescents, Obesity, Dietary Patterns, Environmental Factors, Literature ReviewAbstract
Background: Adolescent obesity is a global health concern with significant short- and long-term implications, often driven by complex interactions between dietary habits and physical activity levels. Understanding the comprehensive relationship between macronutrient intake, physical activity, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in this vulnerable population, across diverse contexts and consumption patterns, is crucial for effective intervention strategies. Existing literature often examines these factors in isolation or within specific populations, warranting an integrated review to synthesize findings and identify broader trends and gaps. Objectives: This comprehensive literature review aims to: 1) systematically explore the intricate relationship between macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, fats, proteins), physical activity levels, and BMI in adolescents; 2) analyze how various environmental, socio-economic, and cultural contexts influence these relationships; and 3) identify the impact of different consumption patterns (e.g., highly processed foods, traditional diets) on adolescent BMI within this framework. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across multiple electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as "macronutrient intake," "physical activity," "BMI," "adolescents," "obesity," "dietary patterns," and "environmental factors"
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